Is a student ID an identification document?

What documents are proof of identity?

A person receives many different documents throughout his life, but not every one of them, even with a pasted photograph, seal and signatures of officials, can be considered an identity document. You can present your student card or pension certificate in the library, clinic or public transport, but the bank will not issue you a single agreement using such documents. Everything related to legal and financial documents requires the presence of a basic identification document, and this is a passport.

Features of basic identity documents

The main document identifying a Russian citizen is his passport; it is issued in accordance with all the requirements of the Federal Law. In addition to such data as full name, date and place of birth, gender of the citizen, notes are made in the passport that are not provided for in other documents, namely:

on registration and deregistration;
about belonging to military duty;
about marital status;
about the presence of children under 14 years of age;
on the issuance of a passport.

It is also allowed to include notes on the blood type and Rh factor in the passport, but this is not a mandatory requirement.
The main identification document must indicate the country code, as well as a machine-readable code consisting of letters and numbers. Using the code, you can request all the basic information about the owner of the document, which is available in the relevant authorities. Each document has its own unique number, which is printed on the form itself during its production in the printing house. When receiving a passport, a citizen receives his personal code, consisting of a combination of symbols. On the passport form there is an image of the national flag and coat of arms of Russia. Other symbols on forms of main documents are not allowed. Forms for the production of basic documents are made from special materials using special methods to avoid forgery. This entire process is controlled by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Documents that can serve as a substitute for a passport for a citizen of the Russian Federation

In the event that you are asked to present an identification document by a police officer on the street, you can also provide a military ID or even a student ID, because not a single regulatory legal act obliges a Russian citizen to carry a passport with him at all times. In most cases, such a document is sufficient to verify your identity. If you are on a business trip in another city, then it is better to take your passport with you so that there are no conflicts with the law.

In some cases, in the absence of a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation, the following documents can replace it:

For military personnel:

military ID in accordance with Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation No. 500 dated November 19, 2007 “On measures to implement in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated November 27, 2006 N 719” and “Instructions for ensuring the functioning of the military registration system for citizens of the Russian Federation.”
identification card of a military personnel in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 91 of February 12, 2003 “On the identification card of military personnel of the Russian Federation.”

For minors under 14 years of age - birth certificate.
Ordinary citizens may be issued a temporary identity card. According to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 828, a temporary identity card (form No. 2-P) can serve as a replacement for a passport; it will be issued at your request if the passport is handed in for a replacement. According to all legal rules, such a document is equivalent to a passport until it is restored.
For those serving in the Navy - a sailor's passport, which from 2014 will be called a sailor's identity card. The document was approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1508 of 12/01/1997 “On approval of the Regulations on the seafarer’s passport”, and the new one by Decree No. 628 of 08/18/2008 “On the Regulations on the seaman’s identity card, the Regulations on the nautical book, the sample and description of the nautical book form”.
Persons released from prison are issued a certificate of criminal record.
Citizens who have received refugee status receive a refugee certificate in accordance with Federal Law No. 4528-1 of February 19, 1993 “On Refugees”.
Employees of the prosecutor's office, in accordance with the Federal Law "On the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation" N 2202-1 dated January 17, 1992, can use the official identification card of an employee of the prosecutor's office as an identification card.

Service, diplomatic and foreign passports, as well as a sailor’s passport, comply with international standards and can also temporarily serve as an identity document. Such documents are prepared on special forms; they have their own anti-counterfeit system.

Documents for identification in Russia by a stateless person

If you are a stateless person, then to obtain the right to reside in Russia you must obtain a residence permit, which will be a document proving your identity.

Documents that are not identification documents in Russia

If you need to conduct financial transactions or draw up legal documents, then in such a situation even a notarized copy of your passport will not be enough; a foreign passport will not be accepted from you either. These documents are not those that can serve as identification.

Various types of identification cards are not considered identification documents, for example: identification cards of an employee of the Federal Security Service or a civil servant, a lawyer or lawyer, just like a student card or pension card. Such documents only confirm the status of a person, his belonging to a particular structure or social group.

Driver's license as an identity document

On the other hand, in no regulatory legal act is a driver’s license listed as an identity document.

The question of recognizing a driver's license as an identity document remains open. There is still no federal law that could resolve this problem of contradiction between the current legislation and judicial acts of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.

List of documents proving the identity of a citizen of the Russian Federation

The list of documents proving the identity of a citizen of the Russian Federation in 2019 is quite extensive. Below we have presented a complete list of identity documents - both for Russian citizens and foreigners and stateless persons. In addition, we will introduce the reader to Russian laws governing legal relations in this area.

What is an identity document

Every day, citizens of the Russian Federation, foreigners and stateless persons are faced with the need to confirm their identity - coming to the bank, registering on the website of State services, receiving a passport or international passport, temporary residence permit or residence permit, and even buying alcohol and cigarettes in stores.

An identity card in Russia is an official document issued by an authorized government body, which allows you to confirm that the person presenting it has a certain last name and first name (sometimes patronymic), was born on a certain date, is a citizen of a particular country, and is registered at a certain address. , is married, as well as other data. The nature of the information that the document confirms depends on its type.

Identity documents, depending on their type, may be issued:

exclusively for citizens of Russia (for example, a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation);
only for foreigners and stateless persons (for example, residence permit);
certain categories of citizens (for example, a diplomatic passport is issued to diplomats).

Next, we will successively tell you what documents confirm the identity of a Russian, a foreigner, or a stateless person on the territory of Russia.

Identity documents of citizens of the Russian Federation

There are not so many ID cards for Russian citizens. At the same time, many people believe that their list includes such papers as a driver’s license, pension certificate, hunting license, etc. However, the law does not give these documents the status of officially confirming identity. We'll talk more about this below.

The scheme contains a list of documents that officially identify a citizen of the Russian Federation.

Now, let's talk about each of these documents.

Birth certificate

This document is issued to all persons born in Russia - the youngest citizens of the country. It is relevant until the child is issued a passport, that is, up to the age of 14.

Passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation

The list of documents proving the identity of an adult citizen of the Russian Federation opens a passport. A passport is the main document identifying a citizen of the Russian Federation on the territory of Russia. Citizens must have a passport if they have reached the age of 14.

The passport form is produced according to a single model, in Russian. Document size – 88 by 125 mm, 20 pages per cover, numbering with ornaments, duplicated in the center of each page.

It is noteworthy that in the production of a passport of a Russian citizen, 3 types of security fibers are used (including a metallized thread that changes color depending on the viewing angle), watermarks that are visible in the light.

The passport of a citizen of Russia was put into effect by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On the main document identifying the identity of a citizen of the Russian Federation on the territory of the Russian Federation” dated March 13, 1997 No. 232. Its form and issuance rules were approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 8, 1997 No. 828. Old passports of the USSR were replaced with new ones, Russian ones, for a fairly long period of time - from 1997 to 2004.

The passport includes the following data:

Last name, first name, patronymic of the citizen.
Floor.
Date of birth.
Place of Birth.
Photo.
On citizen registration and deregistration.
On the attitude of a citizen to military duty.
About marriage (marital status).
About children.
About previously issued passports.
About blood group and Rh factor (entered upon request).
About the TIN (entered upon request).

A passport is issued at the age of 14, or after taking the oath by a foreign citizen (upon obtaining Russian citizenship). You must change your passport at the ages of 20 and 45.

Foreign passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation

A foreign passport is a document that certifies the identity of a Russian citizen outside the country (that is what it is officially called). A foreign passport is required not only to travel abroad, but also to obtain visas to other countries. In addition, almost everywhere it can be presented instead of a Russian citizen’s passport, for example to police officers, when purchasing alcohol, etc.

The international passport was put into effect by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated December 21, 1996 No. 1752. The requirements for its form and content were established by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 14, 1997 No. 298. The procedure for obtaining is reflected in the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated November 27, 2017 No. 889.

Foreign passports are issued by the Migration Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. The registration period is one month if the documents are submitted at the place of residence, and 4 months if the documents are submitted at the place of residence. You can obtain a foreign passport through “My Documents” (MFC).

Diplomatic passport

Diplomatic passports are issued to diplomats, other citizens who have diplomatic immunity, and members of their families.

The presence of such a document in the list of identification documents is due to official necessity; it is necessary for traveling abroad.

Such a document is not issued to ordinary citizens. The full list of citizens who can receive a diplomatic passport is listed in Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 28, 2012 No. 1056.

Service passport

A service passport is issued to full-time employees of diplomatic institutions and consulates, military personnel who serve abroad, as well as civil servants, family members of the listed categories of citizens, for official activities in foreign countries.

Thus, an ordinary citizen cannot obtain such a document.

Foreign passport of a citizen of the former USSR

Such passports were issued until 2001, due to the lack of Russian foreign passport forms. They are valid only until the expiration of the period for which they were issued.

Thus, despite the fact that this document is formally considered an identification document, it is not used, since its validity period has already expired.

Identity card of a Russian military personnel

Such documents are issued exclusively to military personnel and citizens who are in reserve. These include, but are not limited to, military ID cards for a soldier, sailor, sergeant, sergeant major, warrant officer, midshipman, and reserve officer.

A military ID is issued upon conscription for military service, upon admission to a military educational organization, or upon enlistment in the reserves of the Russian armed forces.

Temporary ID

A temporary certificate is issued for the period of registration of the passport. Its form is approved at the legislative level - in Appendix No. 2 to Order No. 851 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated November 13, 2017. This document is produced on punched card paper, its size is 176 by 125 mm.

This document serves solely as a substitute for a passport, is valid only during its production, and is issued upon application.

Do a driver’s license, pension certificate, or other documents confirm the identity of a Russian citizen?

The list of identification documents does not include :

Driver's license.
Pensioner's ID.
SNILS.
Social card.
Student ID.
Service IDs (lawyer, prosecutor, etc.).
Other documents that are not listed in the list of identification documents.

Accordingly, we can conclude that these papers are used solely for their intended purpose, and not as documents that confirm identity.

On the other hand, court practice has shown that a driver’s license can be recognized as an identity document. This position, in particular, is reflected in the decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. GKPI 06-1016 of November 8, 2006. In addition, a driver’s license is also suitable for purchasing alcohol, as stated in Order No. 1728 of May 31, 2017.

An interesting video about how a driver’s license is also an identity document can be viewed below:

Identity documents of foreign citizens and stateless persons

Identification documents for stateless persons in the Russian Federation and foreigners include:

Passport of a foreign citizen (only for foreigners, not stateless persons).
Identity card of a stateless person (identity document of a stateless person, but not a foreigner).
Temporary residence permit (for both foreigners and stateless persons).
Residence permit (for foreigners and stateless persons).
Patent (for foreigners and stateless persons).
A document that is issued for the period of consideration of an application for admission to Russian citizenship (its form is approved by Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated September 18, 2017 No. 719) - for foreigners and stateless persons.
Refugee certificate – for foreigners and stateless persons.
Certificate of consideration of an application for refugee recognition - for foreigners and stateless persons.
Certificate of provision of temporary asylum - for foreigners and stateless persons.

Thus, we answered the question of what documents prove identity, we examined all possible documents confirming the identity of both Russian citizens and foreigners, as well as stateless persons.

2). Is a student ID a proof of identity?

I have a question for you about drinking alcohol and administrative responsibility. Today such an incident happened.

I was sitting with my girlfriend in the park, on the shore of a pond. I am now 18 years old, she is 17. She and I each had one can of beer, 0.5 liters in volume. We calmly finished our beer, got up, and had just put the cans in the trash can when the police stopped us. They demanded identification documents. She didn’t have any documents; I only had a student card. One of them took my ticket in his hands and, declaring that this was not the document that proves my identity, told me to follow him. Not to the department, but to some kind of guard room. Having gone there, he said that he had no claims against me (except for establishing my identity), and they intended to take her by car to some department “until the circumstances are clarified,” saying that her parents would have to pick her up. The reason is that she drank alcoholic beverages (and he “didn’t see” me, who was sitting next to them, drinking them, and the main demand was from her). I, for my part, offered to take us for an examination so that the fact of an overestimated amount of alcohol in the blood would be recorded. But we were not taken. After I said that I live nearby and there are documents at home, they got to work on it. They wanted to take her to the department, and, most importantly, they forbade me to accompany her. Since I didn’t want to let my loved one go with strangers, I don’t understand why and on what grounds, I said that either I was going with her, or I wasn’t letting her go at all. To which they told me that then I would have to leave the premises, and forcibly, with the use of physical force on their part. I said that such actions could be considered violence, but they began to explain to me that “use of physical force” and “violence” are different things. But they didn’t let me accompany her for two reasons.

1). I didn’t do anything, and they have nothing to detain me for (by the way, in order to accompany her, and so that they would have something to detain me for, I was asked to break the window (!).

2). I am not her relative (neither father nor husband), so I have no right to go.

It ended with me saying that if they push me out and she is taken away in an unknown direction, I will write down their full name, as well as the license plate number of the car in which she is being taken away, and contact the appropriate authorities. Naturally, they had to let us go, apparently they didn’t want any problems either.

Now I would like to know:

1). If beer has 4-5% alcohol, does this fall under any article?

2). Is a student ID a proof of identity?

3). Did I have the right to accompany my girlfriend if she was being taken to the police station?

4). How can I “put the police in their place” in case of such behavior, what articles of the law can I use to protect myself?

What document is an identity document in the Russian Federation?

Identity document on the territory of the Russian Federation - what is it? What documents can confirm the identity of a person with Russian citizenship and a citizen of another state? Who can check documents and in what cases? The answers follow.

Which regulations indicate articles

In accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 232 (Article 1) and Government Decree No. 828 (Article 1), the main document confirming the identity of a citizen of the Russian Federation is a passport.

Passport forms are produced according to a single model throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation and have a unique series and number. The document states:

surname
Name
surname
floor
Date of Birth
Place of Birth
date and place of issue of the document
children under age
place of registration
attitude towards military service
registration/divorce
details of the previous passport (the initial receipt of the document is made at 14 years of age, and its replacement at 20 and 45 years of age)
information on the issuance of foreign passports

At the request of the document owner, the following can be indicated in the passport:

blood type and Rh factor (recording is made on the basis of a certificate from any medical institution)
TIN (according to the tax office)

Clause 16 of Article 2 of Federal Law No. 67 establishes an additional list of identity documents in the territory of the Russian Federation in addition to the passport.

Federal Law No. 115 (Article 10) applies to foreign citizens.

When approving the list of documents that can be used to confirm identity, you can additionally rely on the following regulations:

Government Decrees No. 1508 and 628 (on seafarer’s identity card)
Federal Law No. 143 (Article 23) “On acts of civil status”
Government Decree No. 91 (for military personnel)
Federal Law No. 2202-1 (Article 41.1) for prosecutors

List of identity documents in the Russian Federation

So, what other documents can you confirm your identity?

Citizen of Russia (in different cases)

For citizens of the Russian Federation such documents are:

When participating in elections:

military ID or other documents of a military personnel
temporary identity card issued when replacing a passport during the period of registration of the main document
certificate of the established form for persons in prison or recently released

For military personnel:

military ID
temporary certificate issued to replace a lost or unusable military ID until a duplicate document is made
special military personnel identification card

For sailors:

seaman's passport

For persons under 14 years of age:

birth certificate

To confirm the identity of the driver of motor vehicles and cooperation with the traffic police:

driver's license

To work with the tax service:

military ID
international passport
birth certificate
temporary certificate
seaman's passport

For prosecutors:

service ID.

List of documents that cannot be used to confirm identity under any circumstances:

certificates of a lawyer, pensioner, disabled person, etc.
student ID
employment history
copy of the passport
SNILS
social card and so on

Foreign citizen

Citizens who are nationals of other states can confirm their identity using the following documents:

national passport
foreign passport
diplomatic passport
USSR citizen passports
TRP (temporary residence permits)
residence permit
refugee certificate or certificate of consideration of an application for refugee status
international driver's license in cooperation with the State Traffic Inspectorate

From Kazakhstan, Belarus

Citizens of the union states of Belarus and Kazakhstan can provide on the territory of Russia:

national passport
official or diplomatic passports
seaman's passport

The possibility of using national passports is enshrined in the Agreement between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus on ensuring equal rights to freedom of movement, choice of place of stay and residence in the territories of states and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 31, 2005 N 341 “On mutual trips of citizens of the Russian Federation and citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan " respectively.

From Ukraine

The agreement between the Russian Federation and Ukraine on mutual visa-free travel provides for the possibility of using:

passports of a citizen of Ukraine
foreign passport
diplomatic or service passport
seaman's passports
aircraft crew member certificates
birth certificates (for persons under 16 years of age)

From European countries

Citizens of European countries can provide:

national passport
RVP
resident card
diplomatic passport

From other countries

Nationals of other countries can confirm their identity using:

national or diplomatic passport
residence permits
residence permit

Refugees may provide:

relevant certificate
certificate of submission of documents to resolve the issue of granting refugee status to a person

Stateless persons

Stateless persons may present one of the following documents to confirm their identity:

relevant ID
temporary residence permit
resident card
patent
certificate confirming acceptance of the application for consideration of the application for Russian citizenship
refugee certificate
document on acceptance of an application for refugee status
certificate of temporary asylum

Who has the right to check documents and in what cases

Document verification can be carried out by:

law enforcement officers
employees of other institutions when performing legally significant actions

In accordance with the Law “On Police”, document verification is carried out when one of the following circumstances occurs:

there is a suspicion that the citizen has committed some offense
there are suspicions that the citizen is wanted
there is evidence of a crime or participation in criminal activity
there are grounds for detention
wanted ad
evasion of administrative arrest
escape from custody
escape from a mental hospital
penetration into a protected facility
suicide attempt
curfew violation
evasion of compulsory treatment

Documents can also be checked by employees of relevant organizations when performing the following actions:

court visit
notarial acts
marriage/divorce
employment
cooperation with the Pension Fund, tax service, police and other government agencies
cooperation with banks and other credit organizations
sending/receiving postal items
obtaining a driver's license, foreign passport and other documents

List of documents proving a person’s identity

A person has to confirm his identity in various situations. Without this procedure, it will not be possible to complete a banking transaction, receive various government services, and sometimes it is also required when checking documents by law enforcement officers. To identify a person, special identification documents are used. But not every paper with a stamp and photo is an identity card.

Identity document - what is it?

In Russian legislation, the issue of defining the concept of “identity card” is left without attention. Apparently, according to legislators, it is so commonly used that it does not require any explanation.

In fact , an identity document is a document issued by an authorized government agency and allows one to uniquely identify a person . However, it must be recognized as such by law.

Free in Russia

Moscow and region

St. Petersburg and region

Documents proving the identity of a citizen on the territory of the Russian Federation

Documents specified by law can confirm that a citizen is exactly who he claims to be on the territory of the Russian Federation. They are divided into 2 categories: basic and other.

It is important to take into account that an expired certificate automatically loses its validity. It is necessary to re-register it in a timely manner so as not to encounter various problems when applying for medical care, government services, etc.

Basic documents

The main list includes documents that prove identity without any other significant restrictions. Usually citizens use them. Exceptions include certain categories of military personnel and other persons.

The main credentials include the following:

Passport. Compulsory for citizens over 14 years of age. During life, it changes upon reaching the ages of 20 and 45, and there are also other reasons in the legislation for its mandatory replacement. Most often used.

It is also useful to read: Renewing a passport at 45 years old

Birth certificate. Applicable only to children under 14 years of age. Upon reaching this age, the child is issued a passport. But the certificate is kept, because when replacing/renewing a passport, it is required.
Passport of a citizen of the USSR. Valid until replaced with a Russian passport. Not currently used.

Control over the validity period, integrity, safety, condition of the certificates and the correctness of the data in them is assigned to the citizen himself. For example, living without a passport or damaging it may become grounds for bringing a person to administrative responsibility.

Is a foreign passport an identification document on the territory of the Russian Federation?

If a person permanently resides in the Russian Federation, then his passport will be valid for identification only outside the country. It is unacceptable to carry out banking transactions or receive government services.

The situation is somewhat different with citizens who have moved to live outside of Russia and persons whose international passports contain a mark from a diplomatic mission or consulate about acceptance for consular registration. For these citizens, the international passport will replace the all-Russian one. They will be able to use it to fully receive services from banks and other organizations in the Russian Federation.

Identity documents of a citizen of the Russian Federation abroad

Traveling to other countries has already become a common occurrence for Russians. Many people travel while on vacation; many people travel to other countries to visit or for work matters. When crossing the border of another state, you must present a certificate containing information about the person and confirming that he is not another person.

Identification will also be required in other situations, for example, when opening a bank account in another country.

The main document for foreign travel is traditionally a passport. It contains information about the date of birth, full name. Russian citizen and other information provided for by international agreements.

International passports are currently issued in two types – with and without electronic media. From a legal point of view, they are equivalent. But the validity period of a biometric passport is significantly longer and is 10 years instead of 5 years for a regular one.

Instead of a foreign passport, the following can also be used:

seaman's certificate;
diplomatic passport;
service passport.

In some countries, for example, in the Republic of Belarus or Kazakhstan, you can use a Russian passport. But if you have to travel there often, then experts still advise spending time and getting a foreign passport.

Identity documents of a foreign citizen in the Russian Federation

Every year thousands of labor migrants, tourists and relatives of Russian residents from other countries come to Russia. They can stay in the country only if they comply with migration laws. When crossing the state border or contacting government agencies in other cases, these persons also need to go through the identification procedure.

Foreign citizens may present one of the following documents as personal identification:

certificate of return to homeland (only when returning to the country of citizenship);
foreign, diplomatic passport;
seaman's passport.

The laws of the Russian Federation in some cases allow the legal stay of a foreigner on Russian territory using an internal passport. For example, citizens of Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, the Republic of Belarus, etc. have this right. If there are international agreements, other certificates may be used.

Identification documents of a stateless person

Not only Russian and foreign citizens, but also stateless persons can live in the Russian Federation. They do not have nationality or citizenship of any state, but are still required to comply with the laws of the host country.

In the Russian Federation, stateless persons must obtain one of the following documents:

RVP;
residence permit;
other certificates, in accordance with Russian or international laws, confirming that the person is exactly who he appears to be.

Identity documents of a child under 14 years of age

Children are a special category of persons. Russian laws provide for them to receive a passport only at 14 years of age. Until this point, virtually the only document proving the child’s identity is the birth certificate. In practice, the parent’s passport is also actively used for these purposes, which contains all the basic data of the child.

To travel to other countries, the child may be issued his own passport. Unlike the internal one, it can be issued from the moment of birth.

What documents are not identification of a citizen of the Russian Federation?

Confusion with identity documents often arises. Many believe that the presence of a photo and a print on paper is a sufficient condition to use it to identify a person. But that's not true.

The following documents confirm the status of a citizen, but do not prove his identity:

certificates of employees of the FSB, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of Emergency Situations;
certificates of civil servants, lawyers;
compulsory medical insurance, voluntary medical insurance policies, etc.;
certificates of disabled people, pensioners, veterans, etc.;
student cards and record books.

A controversial situation arises with driver's licenses. They can confirm that the person is exactly who he claims to be, and a number of government agencies adhere to this position. In particular, it is indicated by letters from the Federal Tax Service, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Resolutions of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, etc. On the other hand, banks can only change currency using a driver’s license, and this position is supported by the Regulations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

Typically, the document proving the identity of a resident of the Russian Federation within the country will be a general passport, and outside it - a foreign passport. But we must take into account that other identification documents can be used to identify a person.