How to find out the drilling of a disk by car model

Wheel rim bolt pattern compatibility table

Replacing your stock wheels with ones of a different shape or size can certainly give your car an exclusive look. This type of tuning is very popular and is practiced by most car owners. But simply changing the wheels for more beautiful ones won’t work. Here it is important to take into account some technical parameters provided by the car manufacturer and wheel manufacturers.

We recommend that you read the article about which wheels are best for cars.

How discs are marked

Each disc has an individual marking indicating:

•number of holes for mounting to the hub;

•diameter of a conventional circle passing through the axes of these holes;

Wheel rim bolt pattern compatibility table

Let's look at an example of full marking 9JX16 Н2 5/112 ET 35 D 66.6

9 – disk width (in inches);

J – designation indicating that the disk is intended for a one-wheel drive car (wheels for all-wheel drive vehicles are designated by two letters JJ);

X – disc manufacturing method (cast);

16 – installation diameter (in inches);

H2 – marking indicating the number of annular protrusions holding the tubeless tire (2);

5/112 – number of mounting holes/diameter of the circle on which they are located (bolt pattern);

ET 35 – disc offset value (in millimeters);

D 66.6 – diameter of the central (hub) hole of the disk.

How to determine bolt pattern

Each make and model of car has individual bolt pattern parameters. There are special tables for this, based on which you can select disks.

If it is not possible to use tables, or if your car is not included in them, you can determine the bolt pattern yourself. To do this, we count the number of holes for mounting the disk. The first parameter is there. Determining the diameter of the circle on which the holes are located is a little more difficult.

For disks with 3 holes, measure the distance between the walls of adjacent holes and multiply it by 1.155. The result obtained will be the desired diameter.

For disks with four-point mounting, measure the gap between the walls of opposite holes and multiply it by 1.414.

For five-bolt wheels, measure the distance between the two farthest holes through one, and multiply by 1.701.

Disc overhang size

Offset is one of the most important criteria for selecting wheels. It determines the distance between the vertical axis of symmetry of the disk and the plane of contact between the disk and the hub.

Disk offset occurs:

•positive (the vertical axis of the disk is located behind the mating plane);

•zero (the disk axis is superimposed on the mating plane);

•negative (the disk axis is located in front of the mating plane).

The disc offset parameters are strictly regulated by the vehicle manufacturer and are directly related to the suspension kinematics. A change in the standard overhang value is allowed by no more than 5 mm.

Below are tables indicating the bolt pattern, offset and diameter of the central hole of the disks for popular car models.

Wheel rim bolt pattern compatibility table

Wheel size

Reading time: 8 minutes

Car owners around the world are often faced with the problem of replacing their wheel rims. This happens due to forced reasons - when they are deformed, broken, worn out, or at the request of the car owner himself, due to a too unpresentable appearance, small size and for other reasons. Thus, the car accessories market is always ready to offer its customers a wide range of products and goods for every taste and budget.

What is the standard disk size?

The standard wheel size is a characteristic of the wheels that are installed by the automobile concern at the factory in accordance with the requirements of technology, the class of the vehicle, as well as strength calculations carried out by the engineering personnel of the enterprise.

Wheel store

Coming off the assembly line, the car acquires the following basic wheel rim parameters:

• The shape of the rim flange, designed to securely fix the tire. This parameter for passenger cars, regardless of model and modification, is usually expressed in the letter designation J or JJ.
• The width of the rim of the product, on which the final tire size depends. It is expressed in inches in increments of 0.5 units. As a rule, standard car brands have a range of this dimension from 4 to 12 inches, which corresponds to tires from 145 to 345 mm.
• The most important parameter is the radius of the product, which is defined as the diameter of the rim without taking into account the edges and ranges from 12 to 24 inches, respectively, written as R12, R13, ..., R22, R23, R24. The radius of the tire, which should be similar to this value, as well as its profile, depending on the size of the wheel arch and the technical requirements of the manufacturer, depend on this important parameter. So, on the R16 for the Toyota Land Cruiser 200 you can install tires with a profile height of 90 mm. The same radius, but for the VAZ 2110, entails only low-profile tires with a dimension of 35-40 mm.
• Also at the factory, the wheel offset range required for a specific brand is assigned, that is, the ET parameter, or the value in projection from the place where the disk is fixed to the hub to its mating plane on the inside. So, the larger the ET value, the deeper the wheel will sit under the wheel arch and vice versa. This disc dimension can be negative, and in this case the disc will protrude slightly beyond the dimensions of the body. The average range of this parameter is from -25 mm to +50 mm.
• If the previous parameters allow for a slight variation in wheel dimensions, then such indicators as drilling and bolt pattern, as a rule, must be the same, otherwise the wheel simply will not fit on the hub.

Disc rim width and seat dimensions

• Wheel drilling is the size of the central hole of the disk, with which it fits onto the axle. As a rule, it ranges from 50 to 120 mm, depending on the model, brand and class of the vehicle.
• The disc bolt pattern is a parameter that determines the number of studs on the hub and their length. Designed for mounting wheels. For small cars, the studs are made with parameters 4×98, 4×100, that is, the disc is fixed to 4 anchors, each 98 or 100 mm long. In the case of business, premium class cars or SUVs, the number of fasteners increases to 5 or 10 pieces, and their length can increase to 150 mm.

How to determine the size of alloy wheels and stampings for a car

Of course, each original disk on a car is marked, and upon detailed inspection you can see a line with all the geometric parameters listed above. If for some reason, for example, in case of wear, this value is not readable, then you can always measure the wheel and display its marking yourself. This is done as follows:

• To determine the width of a product, you simply need to measure its rim in millimeters with a ruler or tape measure, and then divide the result by 25.4 mm to convert it to inches.
• The radius of the product is determined in a similar way, only here the diameter is measured. Many people mistakenly believe that the value with the R symbol indicates the radius of the disks, but this is fundamentally incorrect and it is the greatest distance between two points on the wheel rim that needs to be measured. In this case, for the accuracy of measurements, it is necessary to ensure that the measuring tool passes strictly through the center of the disk, because otherwise the car enthusiast will only be able to measure the chord, and the disk radius indicator will be incorrect. The result obtained must be divided by the same 25.4 cm to obtain the parameter value in inches. It should be noted that the measurement may well have an error of +/-5 mm, since radius can only be expressed as a whole number.
• The most difficult thing is to measure the wheel offset, that is, determine the ET parameter. To do this, you need to lay the wheel flat, install a wooden strip on it, equal in length to the diameter of the metal part, and then measure the distance in millimeters to the mating plane of the disk. Then the wheel is turned over 180 degrees, and the procedure is repeated again, but for the reverse side of the product. The results obtained must be substituted into the formula ET = (X + Y)/2, where X is the first measurement, Y is the second, and ET is the desired offset indicator, all units here are indicated in millimeters.

Other disk size characteristics

• To determine the drilling or diameter of the mounting hole, the car enthusiast only needs to measure the greatest distance between the edges of this perforation, and then look at the nearest typical value in the table of correspondences and deviations. The size of the wheel rim holes depends solely on the design of the hub for a particular car brand.

The size of stamped discs is determined according to the same scheme, without any special features.

Decoding the wheel size

So, in order to correctly decipher these inscriptions, below are some specific examples that a car enthusiast can see on his rims.

• The owner of a Lada who has decided to change the wheels to more presentable ones, as a rule, sees on the disk the inscription 5.5J x 15 ET42 d56.1 4x98, which means a wheel disk with a rim width of 5.5 inches, a J edge shape, non-separable ( indicator “x”), with a radius of 15 inches, a positive wheel offset of 42 mm, a mounting hole diameter (drill) of 56.1 mm, mounted on 4 studs of 98 mm each (bolt pattern indicator).
• The letter J, depending on the class, weight and model of the vehicle, can be replaced by JJ, K, JK, B, P or D, which must correspond to the marking of the purchased disk.

Determining wheel offset

• Also on the wheel there may be a hump or H designation, for example, 6.0J x 17 H2 ET38 d65.1 5x112. Hump ​​refers to special protrusions along the sides of the disc, which increase the reliability of fastening the rubber to the metal. So, this indicator can be marked as H - single hump, on one side of the wheel, H2 - double, respectively, on both edges, or X (truncated hump).
• In addition, for drivers of minivans, pickup trucks and other vehicles designed to transport loads over 900 kg, it is very important to purchase highly durable products that can withstand significant loads.

• In addition, an important indicator of the strength of the product is the maximum tire pressure characteristic, and on the rim, as a rule, they write a value such as Max PSI 50 Cold, that is, the maximum tire pressure cannot exceed 50 pounds per square inch, or after translation - 3.5 kilograms per square centimeter.

The prefix Cold means that such measurements should be carried out exclusively on a cooled wheel, because, as is known, when heated, for example, in hot weather, the gas inside the wheel expands and has a stronger effect on the rubber from the inside. Accordingly, together with the softening of the polymer material due to high temperature, when operating overinflated wheels, there is a high risk of their rupture, which can lead to an accident on the road.

• The last thing that can be read on the rim is letters such as SAE, TUV, ISO or ROSTEST, and all these characteristics mean an indicator of the quality of the product, that is, that it has passed mandatory certification after a series of tests on special stands and in full complies with the Russian and international standards required for it.

Other methods for determining disk sizes

Often the buyer does not want to deviate from the sizes of car rims dictated by the manufacturer of the car brand he owns, and then it will be enough to select a wheel rim according to the characteristics specified by the manufacturer. Thus, in many large points of sale, consultants have a specialized program installed on their computers that makes it easy to select the right wheels.

The client turns to the hall employee for help, and the specialist enters the make, model, modification of the vehicle, its year of manufacture, as well as other parameters if the system requests them, into special fields in the program.

As a rule, such systems are interfaced with a warehouse accounting program, and the seller immediately has the opportunity to inform a potential buyer about the availability of products at the point of sale, about the brands that produce these products, as well as about their prices, and the client can immediately decide on the design of the grille, material, disk size, and also correctly calculate your budget for the purchase.

Thus, the client will always be confident in the quality of the product, as well as in the selection of the absolutely correct size, and the warranty will never be removed from his car. Of course, many car enthusiasts are not satisfied with the too harsh pricing policy of official dealers, but the guarantee of long, reliable and safe operation more than pays for all overpayments by the client, and if you find out the prices from brand representatives, they are not much different from other outlets selling quality products.

It should also be taken into account that an incorrectly selected wheel size often leads to rapid wear of the calipers, brake system, hubs and other suspension elements, which will result in much larger repair costs.

How to choose the right wheels?

The correct selection of car rims, carried out in compliance with the requirements of the car manufacturer and the recommendations of certifying bodies, is a guarantee of safe and comfortable driving.

In order to accurately select wheels produced by the KiK company for your car, the choice must be made strictly according to the KiK catalog of guaranteed applicability. For more comfortable and convenient work with the catalog, on each page of the All Wheels and Prices website there is a “Selection of Wheels” form, which combines an information base on all cars and rims.

To select wheels for a specific car, you must fill out the required fields in the selection form: make, model and modification of the vehicle.

The “Modification” line contains the following information: designation of the vehicle body type, production period of this vehicle in this body and LZxPCD (drilling) parameters

Having selected all the necessary parameters in the “Selection of wheels” form, click on the button

You will see the entire list of wheels that are guaranteed to fit the selected car.

Above each proposed design is the wheel name and wheel drawing number. For example, "Ilusio".

On the left side of the page there is a photo of the disc design. If a given design is presented in several color options, small icons of this design in all color options are located under the photo; by clicking on one of them, the photo of the disc will be replaced with the selected option.

• The first column on the left of the table contains the unique wheel part number. The article is necessary to identify the wheel, as well as to place an order and purchase.
• The next column “Size” is a designation of the width of the disk rim and the rim mounting diameter in inches. At the top of the applicability table, there is a filter by disk size. By clicking on a specific size, only disks of the selected size will be displayed in the table.
• ET (off-set, offset) is the distance from the mating plane of the disc to the center of the rim.
• LZxPCD (drilling) LZ is the number of mounting holes, PCD is the diameter of the circle drawn through the centers of the mounting holes.
• DIA" is the diameter of the central hole of the disk for the hub.
• "Color" option for painting the wheel. When you hover italics over a paint option, a window pops up with a description of the selected wheel color.
• The next column of the table “Engine power” indicates the car with which engine power it is allowed to install this disc. Engine power is indicated in kW (1 kW = 1.36 horsepower). A prerequisite for the correct selection of wheel rims is engine power. Information about engine power can be found in the vehicle's passport or certificate. If the engine power of your car does not fit within the range indicated in the table, installation of this disc is prohibited.
• The “Adapter” column contains information about the need for additional installation of adapters. If the installation of adapters is required when installing a wheel on a vehicle, this column indicates its part number and size.
• The next column is conventionally designated “T/O”. If the selected wheel part number in this column has the letter “O”, this means that the size of the proposed wheel completely matches the dimensions of the original wheel installed by automakers for this car model. Designation “T” - the size of the recommended wheel differs from the original dimensions, however, its installation will not change the passport handling characteristics and will not have a negative impact on the hub bearings.

When selecting wheels for a car, KiK specialists do not recommend using the selection form based on wheel parameters. This type of selection does not guarantee that the wheel will fit the vehicle according to the maximum permissible static load and will not ensure compatibility of the wheel rims with the elements of the brake system and elements of the vehicle chassis.

How to find out the drilling of a disk by car model

How to measure the drill hole (PCD) of a wheel rim?

Very often we are asked the question of how to correctly measure one of the main parameters of a wheel rim - its drilling (aka PCD). And today we will answer this question in detail.

PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) - the diameter of the location of the centers of the holes for fasteners on the wheel rim.
A couple of examples:
5x114.3 - 5 holes located on a diameter of 114.3 mm;
3x112 - 3 holes, which are located on a diameter of 112 mm;
4x108 - 4 holes with a diameter of 108 mm;
6x139.7 - 6 holes on a diameter of 139.7 mm.

Measuring the drilling of a 4 or 6 bolt wheel rim is not difficult, you just need to measure the distance between the centers of opposite holes.

However, measuring the drilling of a 5-bolt disk is a more non-trivial task, because there are no opposite holes (we consider the opposite hole to be the hole whose chord to the center passes through the center (!) of the wheel disk).

We strongly DO NOT recommend using methods widely used on the Internet with one measurement and further multiplying the resulting value by a certain coefficient - with a 99% probability you will get the wrong value.

So, to measure the drilling (PCD) of a 5-bolt disk, you need to take two measurements and then add the two obtained values.

Due to its specific nature, we will, of course, carry out measurements on a wheel spacer, and not on a wheel rim, but this does not change the essence at all.

Measurement No. 1: distance from the inner edge of one of the 5 holes to the central hole (DIA) of the wheel rim:

Measurement No. 2: distance from the outer edge of one of the 5 holes to the opposite side of the central hole (DIA) of the wheel rim:

The result of the second measurement is 92.0mm :

We add the two obtained values: 20.0 + 92.0 = 112mm
Thus, drilling the wheel rim (spacer-adapter in our case) has a value of 5x112 (where “5” is the number of holes, “112” is the diameter of their centers in millimeters).

Let's consolidate the knowledge gained with one more example. This time we will take measurements not with a caliper, but with a regular ruler .

We measure the distance from the inner edge of one of the holes (any) to the CO (central hole, DIA):

Next, we measure the distance from the outer edge of one of the holes (again, any) to the opposite side of the CO. Make sure that the ruler passes strictly through the center of the wheel rim!

Add: 20.0 + 92.0 = 112mm, i.e. in this case, the value of the measured drilling is still the same 5x112 !

How to find out the bolt pattern of rims: measurement rules and compatibility table

Wheel rim bolt pattern is a set of measured wheel parameters that you need to know during installation. You can measure the necessary indicators yourself or use special tables for this, different for each brand of car.

What sizes are important to determine before purchasing wheels? What does the complete wheel arrangement look like? What are the sizes of spare parts for domestic cars?

Disc size indicators

There are five main sizes, an error in determining which will result in the impossibility of installing the wheel.

• number of bolt holes (LZ);
• the distance between them;
• diameter of the circle on which they are located (PCD);
• diameter of the central (hub) window (DIA);
• departure (ET).

The number of windows for bolts on passenger cars varies from 3 to 6. For trucks, this figure reaches 12-15 pieces. Togliatti-made cars have 4 bolt entries. The exception is the Lada Niva, the wheels of which are secured with five bolts each. The number of holes is measured visually by simple counting.

How to measure yourself

The disc bolt pattern also includes the distance between the windows. You can measure it using a caliper or ruler. The measurement is taken from the center of one hole to the center of the other. There are two ways: the distance between adjacent and farthest holes.

Adjacent holes

The indicator under consideration is determined taking into account the dimensions of the circle on which the centers of the slots for the bolts are located. The diameter is determined using compatibility tables or measured using a ruler.

To do this, measure the distance between adjacent bolts, and then multiply the resulting figure by a coefficient depending on the number of holes. The transverse circumference of VAZ cars is 98 mm for passenger cars and 139.7 mm for the Niva SUV.