How to calculate the carrying capacity of a car according to PTS

How to determine the carrying capacity of a car using the vehicle title

Car drivers take advantage of all the capabilities of their cars, quite often transporting more people than the manufacturer intended.

Some motorists load their vehicles with a large amount of oversized cargo and do not think about the restrictions.

For example, there is a stipulated maximum weight calculated during design.

What is load capacity

It is a value showing how many things, people, animals, can be safely transported by vehicles.

To calculate the carrying capacity of a vehicle, at the development stage, the manufacturer calculates and tests elements separately from each other, prepared components, and then the entire vehicle as a whole.

The load-carrying capacity parameter is important because if it is not taken into account, the risk of breakdown increases. There are several supporting facts:

If the car is heavily loaded, there is a risk of damage to the suspension and tires.
Overloading may result in penalties.
Some cities have road sections with a ban on the passage of vehicles with a carrying capacity higher than the required limit.

Every car owner should know about the maximum weight of his vehicle model, how much it can carry and transport.

How to determine the carrying capacity of a car

This will be easy to do using the vehicle’s passport, although there is no direct information on this issue, but it is possible to analyze and calculate the load capacity step by step.

Find out the vehicle class

You need to take a vehicle passport and look at its class. It is printed in paragraphs 2 and 3 of the first page of the technical document . It is important to know that the type displayed in the passport may almost not correspond to reality, especially for foreign cars.

If we talk about a passenger vehicle, then its main class is “B”. Some “C” class cars can also be passenger vehicles.

With Russian manufacturers everything is simple, because the car class is encrypted in the code by the manufacturer (2nd digit after the symbol).

Car look.
Bus type.
Cargo type.
Tractor.
Dump truck.
Tank.
Trucks.
Special transport.

Passenger transport can be related to two categories - 2 and 3, i.e. minivan-minibus and pickup truck.

An example of classification for UAZ vehicles:

“Hunter Welcome” (passenger car - second digit “one”);
“Tablet” (bus—second digit “two”);
“Onboard UAZ” (truck - the second number is “three”).

VAZs have the same classification principle. But for foreign vehicles (vehicles with the largest weight up to three and a half thousand kilograms), classes are established by Russian customs.

At customs points, specialists make a mistake by including the driver’s seat in the payload, because is not a passenger seat. And the highest permissible weight is calculated only in kg.

Regarding customs rules, if the carrying capacity is not more than three and a half thousand kilograms, and there are no more than eight available seats, then the vehicle is classified as a passenger vehicle.

If the conditional weight of all seats with the driver’s car seat included is less than in the PTS document, then the customs office specialists will mark it as “cargo.”

Class information does not provide exact payload figures. But it is possible to draw some conclusions.

For example, if there is information that the car is a passenger car, then it is clear that it will not take three tons of cargo, because the maximum permitted load capacity for passenger cars is only three and a half thousand tons.

Determination of permitted mass

The car passport includes points fourteen and fifteen. They contain the mass of the machine:

In 1 – load is not taken into account.
In 2 – the highest allowed.

What is the meaning of these parameters? Weight, without taking into account the load, is the carrying capacity of the vehicle, taking into account additionally the weight of all technical type containers and the driver.

At the same time, according to the standard, the carrying capacity of one person is calculated at 75 kg - the normal value in the European Union. Previously, in the Russian Federation, a norm of about 80 kg was used.

Permitted maximum vehicle weight is a simple concept. This parameter displays how much a certain car can weigh (maximum) along with luggage in the form of various cargo.

How to calculate the difference between indicators

Taking into account the above data, it is possible to calculate the size of the vehicle: subtract from the permitted maximum weight without additional load. To make it clearer, you can remember this situation: “In the markets there is sour cream by weight.

You can come along with a jar and weigh it and then a jar of sour cream. Subtract the mass of the vessel from the total” - this is how the weight of the product is determined.

The situation is exactly the same with vehicles - from the permitted maximum carrying capacity we subtract the weight without additional cargo and we get the maximum value. mass that the vehicle is capable of taking.

About carrying capacity in general

For any vehicle there are two types of maximum weight that can be transported by car:

The first one is required and it is not difficult to obtain - this is mentioned above. It is difficult to determine the nominal value. But this is not necessary. It is enough to understand that for a passenger vehicle it is relative (the quality of the road matters).

The smoother the asphalt, the more cargo can be transported. For some vehicles this figure reaches fourteen tons of payload.

If the vehicle was purchased from the second owner, and according to calculations it is a passenger car, but at customs control in the PTS it was accidentally recorded as a cargo vehicle, and you don’t want to pay taxes, then you need to contact the traffic police , being confident in your truth about the weight value.

Using special sensors, specialists will calculate the true value of the mass.

How important are load capacity parameters?

When a passenger car is heavily overloaded, the possibility of further exit from the normal state of the systems increases.

Therefore, load capacity data is important. They are included by the manufacturer in the passport.

The maximum weight of luggage is specified, above which it is not recommended to load the interior of the car.

Required Terminology

There are a few basic terms you need to know:

The first term refers only to the carrying capacity of the vehicle, while the second term refers to the weight of the technical equipment with various liquids, oil, and fuel. The mass of keys, parts and the driver is also taken into account.

“Full” - maximum permitted weight. Also called the sum of transport filled with passengers and cargo.

The carrying capacity is the payload. Technical passports include the value of the curb weight of the vehicle.

Some nuances

Not every motorist understands that a vehicle with a carrying capacity of more than a ton cannot be driven into the center of Moscow. The matter becomes more complicated because auto-video recording of violations is connected . The probability of such a scanning error is higher than that of customs officers.

The authorities of some countries determine the number of full seats taking into account seat belts.
Even the permissible load capacity causes breakdowns.

It is recommended to evenly distribute luggage inside the technical device (even if inconvenience arises), placing the heaviest luggage at the bottom and the lightest at the top.

What is curb weight

After determining the vehicle class, you should look at the information on the items in front of the column, indicating the manufacturer - most often, these items are numbers No. 14, 15.

They need to indicate:

column no14 – “res. highest mass, in kilograms";
column no15 – “weight without additional load, in kilograms.”

This information will be the input for capacity detection.

What are the features of the calculation?

If in paragraph three of the technical vehicle passport it is indicated “cargo”, and in the fourth “B”, then the vehicle is conditionally cargo until the calculation is corrected.

To prevent disputes regarding the correspondence of the carrying capacity in the technical equipment passport to the type of vehicle, you need to study the information on the vehicle and review the accuracy of the calculation data at the customs point.

Now the main features of filling out information for calculating the carrying capacity into a document of a technical device should be clear.

The main features here are the control of specialists (their calculations) in the process of importing vehicles and careful attention to evidence when purchasing a car, especially in person.

But, if you looked at it, then this can be corrected through examination, calculation and replacement of the PTS with a new vehicle passport.

How to calculate the carrying capacity of vehicles based on PTS data?

Car enthusiasts use their iron horses to the fullest. Quite often, they carry more passengers than the car manufacturer intended. Some drivers load their cars with an incredible amount of luggage, without thinking about the fact that each vehicle has its own carrying capacity, provided for at the design stage.

An overloaded car will behave completely differently during various maneuvers. In this publication we will teach you how to determine the carrying capacity of a car using the vehicle title.

All the nuances regarding the vehicle’s carrying capacity

The carrying capacity of a vehicle is understood as a certain mass of cargo that it can transport. The automaker carries out numerous calculations and then tests individual parts, finished components and then the entire car.

In addition, the maximum weight of the cargo must be specified, above which the car should not be loaded. When vehicles are overloaded, the likelihood of failure of its components and systems increases. Therefore, the load capacity parameters, as important characteristics, are entered by the automaker into the vehicle passport, or PTS for short.

Indicators characterizing the load-carrying capacity of the machine

There are several basic parameters that every car enthusiast should know:

Dry mass.
It refers exclusively to the weight of the car as a complex mechanism. In other words, the car is hung without filling with oil, water and other fluids necessary for operation. Also, the car cannot be refueled with gasoline or other types of fuel. Tools, spare tire, etc. cannot be placed in the trunk.
Curb weight fits into vehicle title, weight without load.
This is the weight of a vehicle with all the substances necessary for the operation of all components and assemblies: various liquids, oil, gasoline. In addition, the average weight of the required set of keys, a set of spare parts and the driver is taken into account. In the Soviet Union and later in Russia, the driver's weight was not included in the curb weight. In 2005, GOST R 52389-2005 was introduced, providing for the inclusion of the average weight of the driver in the weight of the machine without load - 75 kg. They made it possible to unify domestic and European parameters.
Full mass.
It is indicated in the technical passport, the permitted maximum weight. Essentially, it is the sum of the curb weight of the vehicle, the weight of passengers and cargo. Now the average weight of passengers according to European standards is 75 kg. Previously, according to the standards in force in the USSR, the weight of a passenger was 80 kg.
Load capacity.
The payload that a vehicle can carry without causing problems with the functioning of its systems.

Algorithm for calculating the load capacity of the machine

The carrying capacity is not indicated in the PTS, but it is easy to calculate it yourself. The data specified in the technical passport will be sufficient.

We will analyze how to calculate the carrying capacity of vehicles step by step.

Determining the class of transport

It is indicated on the title page of the PTS: in the second paragraph of the document there is a capital letter of the English alphabet, and in the third paragraph it is written in a word. Let's take a passenger car as an example. Its main class is "B", but can be "C". In accordance with current legislation, imported cars imported from abroad are assigned a class at customs.

When the maximum permitted weight of a car does not reach 3500 kg, but the conditional weight of all seats, including the driver’s seat, is less than the permissible payload weight specified in the technical documentation, then the mark “cargo” will be made.

Payload refers to the luggage carried in the car. The manufacturer indicates it in the technical documentation, which is intended for the buyer. In addition, there is an exception to the rules: if the permissible weight of luggage is less than the conventional weight of all seats, of which there are no more than 9, then, despite the fact that the total weight exceeds 3.5 tons, the car will be registered as a passenger car.

Car load capacity - how to determine by vehicle title?

Often, motorists operate their vehicles to the limit, regardless of its maximum carrying capacity. Meanwhile, manufacturers determine the vehicle's carrying capacity empirically. The documentation indicates the maximum load of the car. If this is followed, the parts are not subject to deformation. In addition, an overloaded machine loses its ability to maneuver. If unforeseen situations arise, the car is difficult to control.

What is the load capacity of the machine

Load capacity is the weight of a vehicle's load at which its safe operation is possible. This refers to both loading with cargo and people. Design and rated load capacity are distinguished.

The calculated load capacity of the vehicle determines the permitted load per meter of road surface. The nominal value refers to the weight that a vehicle can carry. This type of carrying capacity will depend on the quality characteristics of the road:

asphalt density;
from the smoothness of the road surface.

Both parameters are determined by the car manufacturer. Tests are carried out and their results are recorded. Next, the specialist analyzes the data obtained. The processed results are entered into the PTS.

The parameters and weight of the cargo transported by the vehicle depend on the load capacity indicator. You should also take into account the quality characteristics of the road surface on which the car will follow.

An indicator is calculated based on the greatest load on each axle and on each meter of road surface. That is, the maximum load capacity of a car depends on the number of axles.

Their number also determines the vehicle’s admission to the highway. The luggage being transported in the vehicle should be properly distributed. Accordingly, the greater the number of axles a car’s design provides, the more cargo it can carry.

The indicator is not fundamental for car enthusiasts. But it’s worth paying attention to when buying a vehicle. In practice, cost, fuel consumption, maximum speed, etc. are of paramount importance. But the quality characteristics of the car depend on the carrying capacity.

The load capacity indicator is used by car manufacturers during the period of work to improve the brand range and expand it. But compared to the middle of the last century, today's cars have shredded significantly.

Some nuances related to the carrying capacity of vehicles

It is impossible to calculate the carrying capacity of a vehicle without taking into account some subtleties:

Based on legislative standards, this indicator is tied to the class of the vehicle. Moreover, the actual carrying capacity may differ greatly from that indicated in the PTS.
There is no generally accepted classification of cars. The parameters defining the vehicle class are vague. Cars are also classified depending on the brand.
Another feature of the classification is regional standards that differ by country. For example, until recently in our country the weight of a car was calculated without taking into account the driver. The amendments eliminated this defect, and the weight of the vehicle is calculated together with the driver.

Indicators characterizing the load-carrying capacity of the machine

The most important indicators related to carrying capacity are:

Dry weight of the car. It represents the mass of the car without the addition of liquids (gasoline, oil, water, etc.) and foreign objects in the cabin or trunk.
Curb weight. This indicator is recorded in the technical passport without taking into account the cargo. The car is equipped with a set of spare parts and keys necessary for operation. The average weight of the driver (75 kg) and the fluids required to move the car are also taken into account.
Full mass. This indicator is present in the PTS. It includes the weight of the vehicle, the objects being transported and the passengers.
The load capacity value implies the permissible weight of cargo that a car can transport without difficulties in operation.

Algorithm for calculating the load capacity of a machine

The load capacity indicator is not included in the PTS, but it is easy to determine. The information indicated in the document will be sufficient for the calculation. This will require several operations.

How to find out the vehicle class

On the front side of the PTS form in paragraph 4, the class of the car is indicated in capital English letters. In point No. 3, the indicator has a verbal designation. For example, passenger transport has a class “B” or “C”. For cars coming from other countries, the class is determined by customs authorities. So, if the maximum permissible weight of a car is no more than 3.5 tons and its capacity is no more than 8 people, then the passenger category is assigned.

A vehicle is considered cargo if the maximum permissible load exceeds 3.5 tons, and the nominal mass of passengers together with the driver does not reach the permissible payload mass indicated in the technical documentation.

Payload is the objects transported in the vehicle. Its weight is indicated in the technical documentation provided to the citizen when purchasing a vehicle. But in a certain case, an exception is made: a vehicle acquires the category of a passenger vehicle if the permitted weight of luggage does not reach the conditional weight of nine or fewer passengers when the vehicle weighs more than 3.5 tons.

It happens that points 3 and 4 do not correspond to each other. For example, point 3 indicates that the vehicle is a cargo category, and point 4 contains the letter “B”. In this situation, the vehicle is considered to be a cargo vehicle. That is, point 3 is of paramount importance.

Determining the permissible weight of the vehicle

To determine the vehicle’s carrying capacity from the vehicle title, you will need to find out the weight of the unloaded vehicle and the permissible weight with luggage. These indicators are available in paragraphs 15 and 14, respectively. They will be used later in the formula.

Calculate the difference between the indicators

Next, you should calculate the estimated carrying capacity of the vehicle. To do this, you need to determine the difference between the permitted maximum load and the unloaded weight. Manufacturers of machines do not recommend loading them with a weight exceeding the result obtained. This leads to problems such as:

suspension damage;
burst tires;
problems with driving, etc.

How to determine the carrying capacity of a car using the vehicle title

The registration certificate is the most important document of the car. The form contains the main technical parameters of the vehicle. Among other indicators, the technical documentation contains information about carrying capacity. To determine this value, the following actions will be required from the car enthusiast:

find out the class of the car and apply it to the resulting calculation result;
find in the technical passport information about the maximum permissible load of the machine and unloaded weight;
determine the difference between the above indicators.

If, based on the results of calculations, it turns out that the car belongs to the category of passenger transport, and the technical documentation is marked “Truck”, then you should go to the traffic police.

If the results of the examination confirm the calculations, this will be the basis for reducing the transport tax payment.

Traffic police officers should submit an application for an examination to calculate the curb weight. The paper is supported by the car owner’s civil passport and a certificate of state registration of the car.

If traffic police officers give permission, then the motorist should go to the laboratory for testing. It consists of employees measuring the load distributed on the axles of the vehicle. The test is carried out using special equipment that allows you to determine the required indicators while the vehicle is moving at speeds of up to 5 km/h.

If, based on the test results, it is revealed that the weight of the car without luggage, indicated in the technical documentation, does not correspond to the results of laboratory measurements, then you should again go to the traffic police. They should submit an application to make adjustments to the registration certificate and the results of the tests performed.

Based on the submitted papers and calculations, the motorist will be issued a new registration form. The columns indicating the class of the vehicle and its curb weight must be adjusted. If the category of the car changes downwards, the car owner will save on tax payments, since for freight transport they are significantly higher.

How to calculate the carrying capacity of a car by title

Hello, in this article we will try to answer the question “How to calculate the carrying capacity of a car by title.” You can also consult with lawyers online for free directly on the website.

It is also important that, according to the law, the total weight of the road train must not exceed:

28 t if it is triaxial;
36 t for four-axle;
40 tons if it is five-axle;
44 tons with six axles and more.

For example, for a two-axle cargo Gazelle, the total weight of 3500 kg is the sum of 1200 kg and 2300 kg. 3 For cars that have three axles, because their middle and rear axles are combined into a bogie, the weight is the sum of the load on the front axle and the load on the rear bogie.

The rated load capacity, in turn, depends on the quality of the road surface. Thus, when using transport on hard surfaces, for passenger cars it ranges from 500 kg to 14 tons, and for dump trucks, for example, it exceeds 28 tons.

Car tonnage: what does large-tonnage and small-tonnage mean?

You will learn about the dangers of overload on the road, calculations of the maximum axle load, and penalties for truck drivers.

Example: a two-axle Gazelle has a total load capacity of 3.5 tons, with 1.2 tons on the front and 2.3 tons on the rear axle of the car.

I do not like it. What do you recommend on how to deal with this situation? Require the dealer to fix the PTS?

And since the profile of this autoblog concerns more owners of passenger cars, I will not dwell on such subtleties as calculations of carrying capacity for OKOF (All-Russian Classifier of Fixed Assets), or for wheel formulas SSU (Fifth-fifth coupling devices), so as not to immerse you in specific the jungle of accounting and wheel mechanics.

How is a car's carrying capacity calculated?

Hi all! I’m in touch again and today I’ll tell you how to determine the carrying capacity of a car using the vehicle title.

How to determine? Let us immediately note that this is quite real. At the same time, there is no load capacity indicator in the PTS, but there are other parameters that will help calculate what load is permissible for a particular vehicle.

The cars are used to form road trains, since they rarely represent a single structure with a body.

How to calculate the carrying capacity of vehicles based on PTS data?

The maximum load capacity of a vehicle is the largest mass of contents that it can transport without harm to its own technical condition, controllability, and maneuverability.

In general, these data are mostly included in the mandatory theoretical training program before obtaining a license (driver's license - DL).
A minor penalty doesn't stop some motorists from overloading. And in vain, because a car loaded with more than it can transport obeys the driver less well, does not maneuver quickly enough, and may fall on its side when braking.

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How to correct an error in calculations at customs

In this case, some flights are carried out with cargo, the weight of which corresponds to the rated carrying capacity of the vehicle, while other flights are carried out empty.

Based on the obtained figures, either fuel savings or excess consumption are recorded.

There is a standard formula for calculating fuel consumption rates - the vehicle mileage is multiplied by the fuel consumption rate, and the resulting amount is divided by one hundred kilometers.
The consumption rate of fuels and lubricants for a specific type of vehicle can be found in the appendix to the order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia under No. AM-23-r, which is called methodological recommendations.
If the required car brand is not in the application, then you need to take a car with similar technical characteristics as the basis for calculations.
Savings are obtained with less fuel consumption compared to the standard, and overconsumption - with more.
When calculating fuel movement, additional correction factors can be introduced - consumption increases when working in winter, in unfavorable conditions, in the mountains, when driving a completely new car or a car after a major overhaul, as well as in cities with a population of over 1 million and towns.

If the documents for the car indicate that the curb and gross weight values, that is, the carrying capacity, do not correspond to reality, this can be corrected through the traffic police. It is necessary to apply there to send the vehicle for examination, which will determine its weight without load. The document is accompanied by a PTS and a registration certificate.

They must contain information about the total permissible weight and maximum permissible loads on the front and rear axles.

After the application is accepted, the car is driven to the site, where a specialist will measure the load on each axle when driving at a speed of 5 km/h. Then, using formulas, they will calculate the mass of the vehicle without load and draw up a conclusion that the car owner will receive in his hands. Again, you need to contact the traffic police by writing an application for changes to the PTS.

The automaker carries out numerous calculations and then tests individual parts, finished components and then the entire car. Expert opinion Natalya Alekseevna For each car model, the optimal weight of permissible luggage is determined. In addition, the maximum weight of the cargo must be specified, above which the car should not be loaded.

How to determine the carrying capacity of a car by title for a court

Dear forum users, the following question is: if on a chassis with a permissible gross weight (or permissible maximum weight) of 7.5 tons, you install a vehicle weighing approximately 2.5 tons, will this mean that the load capacity of this car will be approximately 3 tons, taking into account the weight of the vehicle itself? 2 ton chassis?
The carrying capacity of a vehicle is the weight of cargo that a given vehicle can carry. Load capacity is divided into calculated and nominal. The design category refers to the permissible load on each meter of the road.

A foreign passenger car can also be designated D, F, E, this depends on the power and size of the car. The larger they are, the higher the load capacity. And for a truck it will be greater than for a passenger car. And for special equipment it is higher than for a bus. But it is still impossible to find out the exact value of the carrying capacity for these parameters from the PTS.

The indicator can be calculated using information from sections 14 and 15 of the document . The first indicates the permitted maximum weight, the second indicates the same weight, but without load. To find out how much weight the car can carry, you need to subtract the second from the first number. For example, a category C van has a maximum weight of 10,424 kg and an unladen weight of 6,475 kg. This means that it is capable of transporting at most 3949 kg. This is its carrying capacity.

Car enthusiasts use their iron horses to the fullest. Quite often, they carry more passengers than the car manufacturer intended.

The driver will not be able to find out the carrying capacity of his swallow by looking at the vehicle title. But the data sheet contains two indicators that allow it to be calculated.

Therefore, the carrying capacity indicated in the data sheet is verified, and loading the vehicle in excess of this figure can lead to breakdown and failure of the main components. 2 The mass of the car, and, consequently, the load capacity, consists of two components: the load on the front axle and the load on the rear axle.

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More difficult to control when moving, trailers have greater stability than semi-trailer designs and can independently move forward and backward when force is applied.

Constituting a single whole with the mechanized complexes of which they are a part, semi-trailers provide the ability to easily maneuver when moving, but cannot move independently when mechanical force is applied and require special supporting devices to maintain a horizontal position in the absence of a tractor.

As noted, many do not pay attention to this parameter, but in vain. It is extremely important. Several arguments in support:

If the car is overloaded, there is a risk that something will break in it along the way. For example, the suspension elements will not hold up and the tires will burst. In the worst case, this can lead to an accident with serious consequences. At best, you will have to go to a car service center, spend some, most likely, a significant amount of money, and travel for some time by public transport.
There are fines for overloading a vehicle. This will be discussed further in this article.
In some settlements there are areas where the passage of vehicles with a weight exceeding certain parameters is unacceptable. That's not so bad. Special cameras and other equipment are installed that make it possible to detect the offense in question automatically. It’s one thing when, say, a GAZelle truck was discovered by a traffic police officer in the city center. The likelihood of this happening is not that high. It’s another matter when there is a camera at the site and records every violation.

By the way, this was not always the case: at the beginning of the second half of the twentieth century. heavy passenger vehicles were in favor. As an example, I can cite the famous Cadillac Eldorado, which weighed almost three tons :shock. in its modification V8.2 1970

In addition, there are restrictions on passengers - no more than 8 people per car. However, everything is fine with classes when it comes to domestic transport. Data provided by the manufacturer is used. If the car is delivered from some other country, then the class is determined by customs.

Fines for exceeding the permissible weight of a truck are imposed on the driver, the official responsible for transportation, the legal entity and the owner of the vehicle. In case of overload of more than 50%, the driver is deprived of his license for up to 6 months.

After all, the lion's share of owners of passenger vehicles use it not just as a means of personal transportation, but more fully - for the transportation of various goods, including the dense filling of the car with passengers.

Then, using formulas, they will calculate the mass of the vehicle without load and draw up a conclusion that the car owner will receive in his hands.
Again, you need to contact the traffic police by writing an application for changes to the PTS. After all, the lion's share of owners of passenger vehicles use it not just as a means of personal transportation, but more fully - for the transportation of various goods, including the dense filling of the car with passengers. But the automobile legislation even for passenger cars and related vehicles (TS) stipulates many restrictions on this score.

How to find out the carrying capacity of a car by title for free

To do this, you need to carefully look at the first page of the PTS, where all the important information about the car is indicated. Points 2 and 3 contain information about the class. It is denoted by a Latin letter and a word. For example: “B, cars.”

The vehicle's carrying capacity is the difference between its gross weight (with contents and people) and its unladen weight. It is calculated by subtracting the second indicator from the first, both numbers are indicated in the PTS by the vehicle manufacturer. A passenger car can transport a maximum of 2.5 tons, a truck - over 8 tons, and a road train - up to 28 tons.

But most drivers remember this section vaguely (if it was studied in fact, and not by tick) and because of this they are often confused in the terminology associated with carrying capacity.

How to determine the carrying capacity of a vehicle according to the title: is it possible to buy a document for a trailer for a tractor, truck and passenger car, for an all-terrain vehicle, KAMAZ and tractor?

Several arguments in support: If the car is overloaded, there is a risk that something will break in it along the way. For example, the suspension elements will not hold up and the tires will burst.

How is a car's carrying capacity calculated?

Sometimes the carrying capacity indicated in the PTS does not correspond to the real one; it can be more or less than this value. Then it’s worth making a change to the document by contacting the traffic police and identifying the real indicator with the help of an examination. Otherwise, the driver will receive a fine of 500 rubles for overloading.

Read in this article

What is the vehicle's carrying capacity?

The carrying capacity of a vehicle is the weight of the contents it is designed to transport, that is, one of the main characteristics for operation. This includes the weight of the driver and other people in the car; for each unit it is taken as 75 kg. Tonnage matters for any car, even a passenger car, because this type of transport often carries not only passengers, but also their luggage and other property.

The rated load capacity is not stated in the car's passport, but is calculated based on the technical data from the document. For a passenger car this is 0.5-2.5 tons, for a truck – up to 28 tons. And it does not always correspond to the actual value of the indicator. After all, the quality of the road also matters here.

Important Terms

To understand the term “carrying capacity”, several more concepts related to it are important:

Dry mass . This is the weight of the car without additional elements (gasoline and other liquids, spare parts, tools necessary for the operation of the equipment), driver, passengers, cargo.
Curb weight (in PTS it is designated as “weight without load”). This is the weight of the vehicle with all the components that ensure its performance.

This includes fuel, antifreeze, other liquid components, spare parts, and tools necessary to maintain functionality. In some European countries, the curb weight also includes the weight of the driver, because without it the car cannot be driven.

Gross weight (in the PTS it is written “permitted maximum weight”). This is the weight of the car when it is refueled, there is a driver, passengers, cargo, and luggage in it. To calculate the indicator, the manufacturer uses the maximum permissible pressure on the axle.

And here is more information about the fine for transporting cylinders.

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If you want to find out how to solve your particular problem, just call, it’s fast and free!

Nominal and maximum vehicle load capacity

The maximum load capacity of a vehicle is the largest mass of contents that it can transport without harm to its own technical condition, controllability, and maneuverability. The indicator characteristic of different categories of machines has different values:

The rated maximum load capacity is calculated based on data from the vehicle title, that is, it is actually determined by the vehicle manufacturer. But the real value of this indicator also depends on the quality of the road. On a good road surface, a car can sometimes carry much more than what is indicated in the documents. A bad road will not allow the vehicle to move even the weight that the manufacturer established in sections 14 and 15 of the PTS.

How to determine the carrying capacity of a car step by step according to PTS

There are two ways to determine the carrying capacity of a car or truck. The first is based on establishing the vehicle class, it is less accurate. The second allows you to find out the actual maximum indicator based on other technical parameters:

According to the PTS, the carrying capacity is determined very approximately. In columns 3 and 4 of the first page of the document you need to find the name and category of the machine. There they write whether it is a passenger car or a truck, and also indicate the class. But when defining the second point, confusion may arise. If the car is domestic, then the “passenger car” is always B or C. The first one is more modest in size and weight, so it will obviously take less cargo.

The indicator can be calculated using information from sections 14 and 15 of the document . The first indicates the permitted maximum weight, the second indicates the same weight, but without load. To find out how much weight the car can carry, you need to subtract the second from the first number. For example, a category C van has a maximum weight of 10,424 kg and an unladen weight of 6,475 kg. This means that it is capable of transporting at most 3949 kg. This is its carrying capacity.

Watch this video on how to read PTS correctly:

Car tonnage: what does large-tonnage and small-tonnage mean?

The tonnage of vehicles directly depends on their category and dimensions; according to this criterion, transport can be:

Small-tonnage . These are vehicles with a dead weight of less than 3.5 tons. Typically, their carrying capacity is no more than 2.5 tons. This includes passenger cars and small trucks designed for moving small quantities of goods or property over short distances. These are, for example, “Gazelle”, “Hyundai Porter”, “Kia Bongo”, “Baw Fenix”. The cabin and body of such cars are supported on the same frame, hence the impossibility of increasing the weight of the transported contents.
Average . These are vehicles with a tonnage of 1.5-8 tons, having a mass of 3.5-12 tons. These include Valdai, KamAZ, MAZ, ISUZU and other similar models. This type of truck is used by almost all chain stores in Russia, since the vehicle is capable of moving large amounts of content over considerable distances, and it is allowed to use any roads, even the Moscow Ring Road.
Large-capacity . This is a vehicle weighing more than 12 tons, capable of carrying 8 tons of cargo. The cars are used to form road trains, since they rarely represent a single structure with a body. These are tractors and platforms to which trailers and containers are attached.

If we talk only about trucks, then the European classification will be more accurate:

Own weight from 0.4 t to 6 t, load capacity up to 6 t - these are light. These include small vans and pickups.
Unladen weight of 6-15 tons is the average segment of trucks. This category includes “ZIL”, “GAZ 3309”. Their peculiarity is not the full use of the permitted axle pressure.
The curb weight is more than 15 tons. Here, the maximum axle loads are used at 100%, because we are talking about trucks carrying up to 28 tons. But there are restrictions on the length, width and height of the vehicle. And the pressure on the axles is calculated taking into account the road surface.

Multi-ton machine

A multi-ton truck is one that is capable of carrying more than 8 tons of contents. The largest among this category are Eurotrucks, which move 20-25 tons of cargo. These are heavyweight vehicles, consisting of a tractor and a semi-trailer. They must not exceed the following dimensions:

2.5 m wide;
2 m high;
20 m long.

The maximum axle load, which is established by Appendix 2 to Government Decree No. 272 of 2011, is also important.

Despite their intimidating size, such vehicles are easy to maneuver even in urban areas, and they are well controlled. But due to the serious impact that heavyweights have on road surfaces, not all directions are accessible to them. And drivers often have to detour around populated areas.

In addition to the common European trucks in this segment, there is also, for example, BelAZ. The weight of the machine is 810 tons, and the load capacity is 450 tons. So the difference in the performance of multi-ton machines belonging to the same group is very large.

BelAZ

Why do you need to know the cargo capacity of a car?

The cargo capacity of any vehicle matters for the following reasons:

Exceeding the technically established load limit can lead to the destruction of machine elements, the need to repair it on the road, and even lead to an accident;
the weight of the cargo being too heavy and inappropriate for the vehicle’s capabilities will result in a fine from the traffic police;
Tonnage is also important for choosing a route, because some sections of the road can only support light-weight vehicles, so they are closed to the passage of heavy vehicles.

Loading capacity of a road train: how to calculate, can it be changed?

The load capacity of a road train depends on the type of trailer hitch and the number of axles under load. For the most part, this is a tractor unit with an axle of two paired elements and a three-axle trailer. To determine the load capacity, you need to take into account the maximum permitted load on the part. It is also important that, according to the law, the total weight of the road train must not exceed:

28 t if it is triaxial;
36 t for four-axle;
40 tons if it is five-axle;
44 tons with six axles and more.

The maximum weight of cargo that can be taken on a road train is calculated in the same way as for other vehicles. If the tractor weighs 7 tons, the semi-trailer will “pull” the same amount, then the unloaded weight will be 14 tons. For a four-axle road train, the loaded weight should be up to 36 tons. This means that the maximum load capacity of the road train is 22 tons (36-14). Contents of less weight can be transported on such transport, but contents of more weight cannot be transported.

How to correct an error in calculations at customs

Overload penalty

A fine for a driver transporting more cargo than is allowed in accordance with the vehicle documents is imposed under Part 7 of Article 12.21 of the Administrative Code. He will pay 500 rubles because he violated the following rule:

A minor penalty doesn't stop some motorists from overloading. And in vain, because a car loaded with more than it can transport obeys the driver less well, does not maneuver quickly enough, and may fall on its side when braking. This is many times greater than the danger of travel for anyone who finds themselves on the same road with such a car.

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The law provides for a fine for overloading a car for both individuals and legal entities. Also, the fine for overloading will differ for trucks, cars, gazelles, trailers, and passengers. It is important to know the axle load in order to avoid penalties from the traffic police.

If you do not follow the rules for transporting gas, oxygen cylinders or containers with propane, helium, then any inspector will punish you for negligence. What is the fine for transporting cylinders? What is a lodgement, why do we need a stretcher? How to properly transport cylinders in a Gazelle, passenger car or truck? What hazard class? What are the ADR requirements for driver experience?

There is a special service - technical supervision of the traffic police, the main function of which is to check that the condition of the car meets technical requirements. The activities of the department and inspectors are fixed by regulations, as well as by order and instructions.

To regulate the flow of cars and the load on the roadway, traffic restrictions are introduced. There are special provisions, as well as restriction signs for freight, heavy-duty and even urban transport.